The construction of the convent began in 1718, with the purpose of housing the Capuchin Poor Clare nuns who came from the Convent of San Felipe de Jesus in Mexico City.
On their trip to Querétaro, the nuns were accompanied by the Marquis de la Villa del Villar del Águila, who is the protagonist of a popular Queretaro legend. It is said that the Marquis fell deeply in love with one of the nuns who came in the retinue, Sister Marcela, and it was because of her that he ordered the construction of the Aqueduct to supply her with water.
Due to the Reform Laws, in 1861 the Capuchinas were cloistered, and after that the convent was used as barracks. In 1867 the building sheltered Maximilian of Habsburg as a prisoner days before being shot in the Cerro de las Campanas. Currently this building is part of the Museo de La Ciudad.
